What is PDF Encryption?

Cryptographic protection that requires a password to open or modify a PDF — typically AES-128 or AES-256.

PDF encryption uses a user password (to open) and/or an owner password (to change permissions). Modern PDFs use AES-256; older RC4 encryption is considered weak. Encryption is separate from permissions — a file can be openable but have printing or editing blocked.

Also known as

  • password-protected PDF
  • encrypted PDF

Related terms

  • PDF Permissions — Flags inside a PDF that limit actions like printing, copying, or editing — enforced by viewers, not cryptography.
  • PDF Redaction — Permanently removing sensitive text or images from a PDF — not just covering them with a black box.

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Category: Security